C Gopinathan
University of calicut, India
Title: Enhanced production of Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis delta endotoxin by the use of rotten pineapple juice and fish-amino acid as medium ingredients
Biography
Biography: C Gopinathan
Abstract
Mosquito borne diseases not only cause loss of lives but also impose heavy health and economic burdens. Extensive use of
chemical insecticides for the control of malaria and other mosquito borne diseases has led to the development of resistance in
mosquitoes to these insecticides and are hazardous to the environment. Biolarvicides of the strain Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis
(Bti), serotype H-14 is highly eff ective against mosquito larvae. Even though Bti products are effi cient controls for mosquito and black
fl y larvae, their use in developing countries is limited by their cost. Th us, there is a need to reduce the overall production cost of Bti in
order to make it competitive in the market. It depends on many factors; however, the raw material cost is one of the most important
criteria which may comprise >70% of the overall production cost. Fruit wastes are available in plenty and contain mainly fructose as
the carbon source, which is easily fermentable and can substitute costly substrates like glucose. Channelizing huge quantities of rotten/
waste pineapples which otherwise are discarded can substantially reduce production cost of Bti. Similarly fi sh-amino acid produced
by fermenting rotten fi sh and jaggery/molasess has proved to be excellent as a medium supplement; especially to overproduce the
much wanted delta endotoxin produced by Bti. India is one of the countries leading in fruit and vegetable production. It is also blessed
with one of the longest coastline in the world of approximately 7516.6 km. Th e total annual catch is around 4 million metric tons. In
addition it is second aft er Brazil in sugarcane cultivation with an annual yield of 3412 million metric tons. Th e massive availability
of fruit wastes (pineapples) and huge quantities of rotten /discarded fi sh , which are freely available, all can be channelized for cost
eff ective production of this value added product, substantially lowering the media cost of Bti production when scale- up is attempted.
Results show biomass increase of up to 27% compared to control when pineapple juice was used as the main carbon source. Th e
toxicity improvements with fi sh-amino acid supplemented medium, shows considerable reduction in killing time of Aedes aegypti
larvae.